The association of hemopexin, muscle quality, and sarcopenia in Japanese older adults with cognitive impairment: a cross-sectional study

Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of study participants, including demographic, clinical, and physical performance variables

Variable	Group	N	Mean	SD	Median	Min	Max	Range
Hemopexin (µg/mL)	Total	580	2164.0	814.5	2219.2	192.0	7007.0	6814.9
	Female	372	2200.7	805.6	2247.4	192.0	7007.0	6814.9
	Male	208	2098.3	828.0	2143.6	406.0	6121.0	5715.7
Age(years)	Total	580	83.3	6.2	84.0	63.0	98.0	35.0
	Female	372	83.8	6.1	84.0	63.0	98.0	35.0
	Male	208	82.5	6.5	83.0	63.0	97.0	34.0
MMSE (score)	Total	580	22.4	5.2	23.0	1.0	30.0	29.0
	Female	372	22.5	5.1	23.0	1.0	30.0	29.0
	Male	208	22.2	5.3	23.0	6.0	30.0	24.0
Grip strength (kg)	Total	580	16.3	7.6	15.0	1.3	59.3	58.0
	Female	372	12.9	5.6	12.3	1.3	59.3	58.0
	Male	208	22.3	7.1	22.0	5.4	42.0	36.6
Muscle Mass (kg)	Total	580	36.2	7.3	34.1	19.8	58.3	38.5
	Female	372	32.1	4.1	32.0	19.8	55.2	35.4
	Male	208	43.5	6.0	43.5	26.4	58.3	31.9
BMI(kg/m²)	Total	580	22.1	3.3	21.9	9.8	33.6	23.8
	Female	372	22.0	3.6	21.6	13.6	33.6	20.0
	Male	208	22.3	2.9	22.3	9.8	28.4	18.6
Height (m)	Total	580	1.5	0.1	1.5	1.2	1.8	0.7
	Female	372	1.5	0.1	1.5	1.2	1.8	0.6
	Male	208	1.6	0.1	1.6	1.5	1.8	0.4
PhA (degrees)	Total	580	4.8	1.0	4.7	3.2	11.0	7.8
	Female	372	4.7	1.0	4.5	3.2	11.0	7.8
	Male	208	5.0	1.0	5.0	3.2	10.1	6.9
Sarcopenia	Total	580	0.3	0.5	0.0	0.0	1.0	1.0
	Female	372	0.2	0.4	0.0	0.0	1.0	1.0
	Male	208	0.4	0.5	0.0	0.0	1.0	1.0
Education(years)	Total	516	11.6	2.4	12.0	6.0	18.0	12.0
	Female	336	11.3	2.1	12.0	6.0	16.0	10.0
	Male	180	12.3	2.7	12.0	6.0	18.0	12.0
Walk speed(m/s)	Total	433	0.9	0.3	0.9	0.0	1.8	1.8
	Female	280	0.9	0.3	0.9	0.0	1.8	1.8
	Male	153	0.9	0.2	0.9	0.3	1.8	1.5

Walk speed data were available for 433 participants; education data were available for 516 participants. Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation unless otherwise indicated. Sarcopenia is a binary variable (0 = non-sarcopenia, 1 = sarcopenia)

ISSN: 1471-2318