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Table 2 Living alone, marital status, and loneliness by age, gender, race, and ethnicity

From: Loneliness and social isolation risk factors in community-dwelling older adults receiving home health services

 

Living Alone (n = 597)

Married (n = 697)

Lonely (n = 229)

Gender, %(n)

p < 0.001

p < 0.001

p = 0.69

 Female

69.0 (412)

41.6 (290)

60.3 (138)

 Male

30.1 (185)

58.4 (407)

39.7 (91)

Age Groups, % (n)

p = 0.92

p = 0.02

p = 0.32

 Aged 65–79

63.5 (379)

67.1 (468)

61.6 (141)

 Aged 80 and older

36.5 (218)

32.9 (229)

38.4 (88)

Race, % (n)

p = 0.004

p < 0.001

P = 0.005

 Black/African American

35.2 (210)

31.9 (222)

32.3 (74)

 White/Caucasian

16.4 (98)

15.9 (111)

22.7 (52)

 Asian

1.01 (6)

5.3 (37)

3.49 (8)

 Other

47.4 (283)

46.9 (327)

41.5 (95)

Ethnicity, % (n)

p = 0.15

p = 0.46

p = 0.11

 Hispanic/Latino

45.1 (269)

40.3 (281)

39.7 (91)

 Non-Hispanic/Latino

50.4 (301)

54.1 (377)

57.2 (131)

  1. Note. Table 2 examines loneliness and risk factors for social isolation as a function of age, race, ethnicity, and sex. P values were derived using t-tests to compare continuous variables and Chi square tests to compare categorical variables