Table 2 Descriptive characteristics of participants by identified pain phenotype
Characteristics | Severe- persistent pain group (15.0%) | Moderate pain group (17.3%) | Back pain group (7.0%) | Pain-free group (60.7%) | F/c2 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 74.02 | 74.07 | 74.56 | 74.38 | 1.81 | 0.143 |
Female (%) | 909 (71.6) | 94 (61.4) | 371 (62.4) | 2802 (54.4) | 133.56 | < 0.001 |
Education, years | 11.77 | 12.28 | 12.20 | 12.55 | 2028 | < 0.001 |
Ethnicity (%) | 13.75 | 0.030 | ||||
Hispanic | 121 (9.5) | 133 (9.0) | 37 (6.2) | 367 (7.1) | ||
Non-Hispanic | 1149 (90.5) | 1339 (91.0) | 558 (93.8) | 4782 (92.9) | ||
Race (%) | 2.22 | 0.532 | ||||
White | 1077 (84.8) | 1254 (85.2) | 503 (84.5) | 4313 (83.8) | ||
Other* | 193 (15.2) | 218 (14.8) | 92 (15.5) | 836 (16.2) | ||
Not married (%) | 615 (48.4) | 600 (40.8) | 253 (42.5) | 2029 (39.4) | 34.75 | < 0.001 |
Income, dollars | 11490.34 | 13933.85 | 13577.26 | 16475.26 | 2.07 | 0.101 |
Rated health fair/poor (%) | 766 (60.3) | 490 (33.3) | 185 (31.1) | 903 (17.5) | 968.12 | < 0.001 |
Having hypertension (%) | 968 (76.2) | 1010 (68.6) | 408 (68.6) | 3206 (62.3) | 97.19 | < 0.001 |
Having diabetes (%) | 366 (28.8) | 357 (24.3) | 154 (25.9) | 1040 (20.2) | 51.04 | < 0.001 |
Having cancer (%) | 244 (19.2) | 294 (20.0) | 115 (80.7) | 918 (17.8) | 4.35 | < 0.001 |
Having cardiovascular disease (%) | 523 (41.2) | 500 (34.0) | 227 (38.2) | 1318 (25.6) | 151.97 | < 0.001 |
Having arthritis (%) | 1211 (95.4) | 1251 (85.0) | 512 (86.1) | 2990 (58.1) | 973.10 | < 0.001 |
Ever smoke (%) | 669 (52.7) | 757 (51.4) | 310 (52.1) | 2742 (53.3) | 1.66 | 0.646 |
Ever drink (%) | 482 (38.0) | 693 (47.1) | 277 (46.6) | 2579 (50.1) | 60.56 | < 0.001 |
ADL dependent (%) | 217 (17.1) | 98 (6.7) | 44 (7.4) | 145 (2.8) | 376.02 | < 0.001 |
Cognition level, score | 21.19 | 22.18 | 21.58 | 22.10 | 13.35 | < 0.001 |
Baseline depressive symptom, score | 2.66 | 1.56 | 1.55 | 0.88 | 383.40 | < 0.001 |
Pain persistence (%) | 7307.23 | < 0.001 | ||||
Pain-free | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4051 (78.7) | ||
Single-occurrence pain | 16 (1.3) | 422 (28.7) | 395 (66.4) | 897 (17.4) | ||
Persistent pain | 1254 (98.7) | 1050 (71.3) | 200 (33.6) | 201 (3.9) | ||
Pain intensity (%) | 9739.13 | < 0.001 | ||||
Pain-free | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 595 (100) | 5149 (100) | ||
Mild pain | 874 (68.8) | 1429 (97.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
Moderate/severe pain | 396 (31.2) | 43 (2.9) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
Pain interference (%) | 12411.46 | < 0.001 | ||||
Pain-free | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 595 (100) | 5149 (100) | ||
No Activity-interfering pain | 32 (2.5) | 1012 (68.8) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
Activity-interfering pain | 1238 (97.5) | 460 (31.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
Having back pain (%) | 1217 (95.8) | 619 (42.1) | 595 (100) | 658 (12.8) | 4238.18 | < 0.001 |
Providing caregiving (%) | 364 (28.7) | 203 (13.8) | 78 (13.1) | 404 (7.8) | 411.45 | < 0.001 |