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Table 2 Adjusted association between CHE and depressive symptoms, and the moderating effect of social activity and income

From: Association between catastrophic health expenditure and mental health among elderly in China: the potential role of income and social activity

 

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

CHE

0.363*

0.774***

0.373*

0.929***

 

(0.148)

(0.206)

(0.175)

(0.249)

Income

    

 Low

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Medium

-0.165

-0.032

-0.164

-0.084

 

(0.111)

(0.125)

(0.111)

(0.165)

 High

-0.476***

-0.325*

-0.476***

-0.092

 

(0.124)

(0.137)

(0.124)

(0.182)

Social activity

-0.747***

-0.747***

-0.742***

-0.647***

 

(0.094)

(0.094)

(0.106)

(0.170)

Interaction

    

 CHE * Low-income

 

Ref

 

Ref

 CHE * Medium-income

 

-0.594*

 

-0.664*

  

(0.252)

 

(0.333)

 CHE * High-income

 

-0.667**

 

-1.189***

  

(0.256)

 

(0.342)

 CHE * Social activity

  

-0.022

-0.410

   

(0.210)

(0.364)

 Social activity * Low-income

   

Ref

 Social activity * Medium-income

   

0.099

    

(0.242)

 Social activity * High-income

   

-0.455

    

(0.248)

 CHE * Social activity * Low-income

   

Ref

 CHE * Social activity * Medium-income

   

0.220

    

(0.511)

 CHE * Social activity * High-income

   

-1.132*

    

(0.518)

  1. All models adjusted for age, gender, education level, residence, marital status, work, public health insurance, number of living children, alcohol use, smoking, activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), chronic disease and out-of-pocket health expenditure
  2. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001