Table 3 Baseline characteristics of the participants in each mental health group

Number (%)

5186 (100.0)

152 (2.9)

315 (6.1)

1088 (20.9)

602 (11.6)

3029 (58.4)

Demographics

     Female, n (%)

3487 (67.2)

95 (62.5)

218 (69.2)

806 (74.1)

422 (70.1)

1946 (64.2)

\(<0.001\)^a

     Mean Age (std.dev.)

74.0 (8.3)

83.1 (6.3)

68.4 (5.7)

78.2 (7.8)

69.3 (6.0)

73.6 (8.0)

0.326^b

     Median Deprivation (IQR)

2 (3)

4 (3)

3 (3)

4 (3)

3 (2)

3 (2)

\(<0.001\)^b

Mental Health

     Median CES-D, (IQR)

3 (9)

10 (5)

15 (10)

12 (10)

4 (5)

1 (4)

\(<0.001\)^b

     Probable Depression, n (%)

555 (10.7)

13 (8.6)

154 (49.5)

381 (35.2)

0 (0.0)

7 (0.2)

\(<0.001\)^a

     Median HADS, (IQR)

2 (5)

0 (1)

7 (5)

4 (6)

5 (3)

1 (2)

\(<0.001\)^b

     Probable Anxiety, n (%)

347 (6.7)

0 (0.0)

85 (27.0)

167 (25.4)

56 (9.3)

39 (1.3)

\(<0.001\)^a

     Comorbid, n (%)

143 (2.7)

0 (0.0)

54 (17.4)

89 (8.2)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

\(<0.001\)^a

Cognitive Health

     Median MMSE, (IQR)

28 (3)

24 (4)

28 (1)

27 (3)

29 (1)

28 (3)

\(<0.001\)^b

     Mean RBANS, (IQR)

85.4 (16.9)

64.3 (9.0)

93.8 (11.8)

75.1 (14.2)

96.9 (10.4)

86.6 (16.9)

\(<0.001\)^b

     Median FAB, (IQR)

16 (3)

13 (4)

17 (3)

15 (5)

17 (2)

16 (3)

\(<0.001\)^b

Diagnoses

     Hypertension, n (%)

3711 (71.6)

105 (69.5)

228 (72.8)

756 (70.5)

457 (76.2)

2165 (72.1)

0.149^a

     Hyperlipidaemia, n (%)

2755 (53.1)

66 (43.4)

193 (62.9)

561 (52.5)

331 (56.3)

1604 (54.4)

0.001^a

     Diabetes, n (%)

660 (12.7)

28 (18.5)

38 (12.2)

163 (15.1)

52 (8.7)

379 (12.5)

0.001^a

     Osteoporosis, n (%)

1376 (26.5)

37 (33.9)

63 (20.5)

325 (35.5)

146 (24.5)

805 (28.4)

\(<0.001\)^a

     Angina, n (%)

700 (13.5)

15 (9.9)

57 (18.3)

213 (19.6)

81 (13.5)

334 (11.0)

\(<0.001\)^a

Lifestyle

     Drinking, n (%)

2975 (57.3)

65 (42.8)

215 (68.3)

488 (44.9)

399 (66.3)

1808 (59.7)

\(<0.001\)^a

     Smoking, n (%)

623 (12.0)

14 (9.2)

37 (11.8)

157 (14.4)

82 (13.6)

333 (11.0)

0.022^a

     Married, n (%)

2709 (52.2)

41 (27.0)

176 (55.9)

404 (37.1)

408 (67.9)

1680 (55.5)

\(<0.001\)^a

     Living Alone, n (%)

1754 (33.8)

79 (51.9)

108 (34.2)

466 (42.8)

147 (24.5)

951 (31.4)

\(<0.001\)^a

Nutrition

     B-Vitamins - All Normal, n (%)

2943 (56.7)

71 (50.0)

182 (60.7)

519 (50.4)

364 (64.1)

1807 (63.9)

\(<0.001\)^a

     Liver - All Normal, n (%)

1578 (30.4)

22 (14.6)

123 (40.2)

213 (20.0)

268 (45.5)

952 (32.4)

\(<0.001\)^a

     Electrolytes - All Normal, n (%)

4606 (88.8)

135 (88.8)

287 (92.0)

922 (85.3)

552 (92.5)

2710 (90.8)

\(<0.001\)^a

     Bone - All Normal, n (%)

3141 (60.5)

72 (47.4)

202 (64.7)

587 (54.3)

408 (68.8)

1872 (63.0)

\(<0.001\)^a

     Lipid - All Normal, n (%)

1937 (37.3)

71 (48.3)

95 (31.0)

440 (41.3)

198 (33.7)

1133 (38.7)

\(<0.001\)^a

     tHcy Normal, n (%)

3587 (69.1)

78 (52.0)

256 (81.3)

608 (55.9)

489 (81.4)

2156 (71.4)

\(<0.001\)^a

     Vitamin D, n (%)

2856 (55.0)

75 (49.3)

167 (53.0)

524 (48.2)

370 (61.8)

1720 (57.0)

\(<0.001\)^a

Physical Health

     Mean TUG, (std.dev.)

14.0 (9.2)

25.0 (10.9)

9.9 (3.6)

21.0 (10.4)

9.2 (3.3)

12.4 (8.0)

\(<0.001\)^b

     Mean BMI (std.dev.)

27.9 (5.4)

26.8 (5.0)

28.7 (5.6)

27.9 (6.3)

27.8 (4.9)

27.9 (5.1)

0.683^b

     Median IADL, (IQR)

26 (7)

18 (7)

27 (2)

21 (7)

27 (2)

27 (4)

\(<0.001\)^b

     Median PSMS, (IQR)

24 (2)

23 (4)

24 (1)

23 (4)

24 (0)

24 (1)

\(<0.001\)^b