Table 1 Baseline characteristics according to RAR quartiles
Characteristics | Quartiles of RAR | P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | Q1(< 2.95) | Q2(2.95–3.16) | Q3(3.16–3.40) | Q4(> 3.40) | ||
N (%) | 2765 | 605 | 654 | 696 | 810 | |
Age, years, mean (SD) | 69.19(6.64) | 67.70(6.11) | 68.90(6.64) | 69.80(6.63) | 70.36(6.87) | < 0.001 |
Gender, n (%) | 0.018 | |||||
Male | 1357(46.2) | 310(46.0) | 347(52.4) | 335(43.8) | 365(42.2) | |
Female | 1408(53.8) | 295(54.0) | 307(47.6) | 361(56.2) | 445(57.8) | |
Race, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
Mexican American | 244(3.4) | 64(3.5) | 73(4.0) | 46(2.5) | 61(3.3) | |
Non-Hispanic White | 1351(80.3) | 293(82.5) | 335(82.5) | 359(81.8) | 364(74.2) | |
Non-Hispanic Black | 628(7.9) | 79(3.4) | 113(5.2) | 165(8.4) | 271(14.8) | |
Other | 542(8.4) | 169(10.6) | 133(8.2) | 126(7.3) | 114(7.7) | |
Education, n (%) | 0.005 | |||||
Less than high school | 689(15.7) | 130(10.8) | 163(15.3) | 169(16.6) | 227(20.0) | |
High school grad or equivalent | 658(22.3) | 134(23.5) | 146(19.3) | 165(20.8) | 213(25.8) | |
Some college or above | 1418(62.0) | 341(65.8) | 345(65.3) | 362(62.6) | 370(54.2) | |
Marital, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
Married/Living with partner | 1604(65.0) | 382(70.4) | 419(69.9) | 399(64.2) | 404(55.3) | |
Widowed/Divorced/Separated | 1001(30.6) | 182(24.9) | 203(26.5) | 261(31.8) | 355(39.3) | |
Never married | 160(4.4) | 41(4.7) | 32(3.6) | 36(4.0) | 51(5.4) | |
PIR, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
Low | 841(18.1) | 167(15.5) | 186(13.9) | 206(18.1) | 282(25.2) | |
Moderate | 1043(37.4) | 192(31.0) | 251(37.8) | 278(39.9) | 322(40.9) | |
High | 881(44.4) | 246(53.6) | 217(48.3) | 212(42.0) | 206(33.8) | |
BMI (kg/m2), n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
Normal/Underweight | 758(26.8) | 206(34.5) | 197(27.3) | 180(24.6) | 175(20.8) | |
Overweight | 978(36.3) | 255(41.9) | 247(40.0) | 247(34.9) | 229(28.4) | |
Obese | 1029(36.9) | 144(23.7) | 210(32.7) | 269(40.6) | 406(50.7) | |
WC, (cm), mean (SD) | 102.50(14.71) | 97.91(13.00) | 101.42(13.00) | 103.51(14.87) | 107.17(16.23) | < 0.001 |
HDL-C, mmol/L, mean (SD) | 55.57(16.74) | 58.83(18.53) | 55.92(16.35) | 54.10(15.59) | 53.41(15.84) | 0.001 |
Cr, mg/dL, mean (SD) | 0.99(0.58) | 0.91(0.23) | 0.97(0.31) | 0.97(0.33) | 1.14(1.04) | < 0.001 |
UA, mg/dL, mean (SD) | 5.61(1.43) | 5.50(1.38) | 5.65(1.42) | 5.57(1.38) | 5.73(1.53) | 0.281 |
GGT, U/L, mean (SD) | 25.56(30.50) | 24.57(24.16) | 24.48(25.53) | 24.27(19.92) | 28.93(45.61) | 0.219 |
Hemoglobin, g/dL, mean (SD) | 13.97(1.37) | 14.27(1.24) | 14.26(1.16) | 14.02(1.28) | 13.30(1.56) | < 0.001 |
HbA1c, %, mean (SD) | 5.94(0.96) | 5.74(0.74) | 5.87(0.89) | 5.97(0.91) | 6.18(1.18) | < 0.001 |
Smoking status, n (%) | 0.400 | |||||
Never | 1364(49.9) | 310(49.9) | 329(52.0) | 339(50.2) | 386(47.5) | |
Former | 1042(38.9) | 240(40.2) | 236(36.4) | 271(40.3) | 295(38.6) | |
Current | 359(11.2) | 55(10.0) | 89(11.6) | 86(9.4) | 129(13.9) | |
Drinking status, n (%) | 0.008 | |||||
Yes | 1893(72.9) | 444(78.3) | 458(75.4) | 478(71.2) | 513(66.6) | |
No | 872(27.1) | 161(21.7) | 196(24.6) | 218(28.8) | 297(33.4) | |
Physical activity, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
Yes | 1332(51.3) | 348(62.6) | 355(56.3) | 324(47.0) | 305(39.2) | |
No | 1433(48.7) | 257(37.4) | 299(43.7) | 372(53.0) | 505(60.8) | |
Hypertension, n (%) | 0.068 | |||||
Yes | 2210(77.0) | 460(74.4) | 515(75.5) | 548(75.9) | 687(82.3) | |
No | 555(23.0) | 145(25.6) | 139(24.5) | 148(24.1) | 123(17.7) | |
Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 0.232 | |||||
Yes | 2345(85.8) | 528(87.1) | 556(86.1) | 596(87.6) | 665(82.3) | |
No | 420(14.2) | 77(12.9) | 98(13.9) | 100(12.4) | 145(17.7) | |
DM, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
Yes | 903(26.5) | 150(17.2) | 200(24.8) | 234(30.0) | 319(33.9) | |
No | 1862(73.5) | 455(82.8) | 454(75.2) | 462(70.0) | 491(66.1) | |
CERAD-WL, (mean (SD) | 25.99(6.39) | 26.41(6.26) | 26.46(6.49) | 26.04(6.00) | 25.04(6.70) | 0.018 |
DSST, (mean (SD) | 52.21(16.73) | 57.06(16.60) | 53.32(16.07) | 51.64(15.88) | 46.80(16.78) | < 0.001 |
AFT, (mean (SD) | 18.08(5.64) | 18.97(5.45) | 18.71(5.79) | 18.04(5.52) | 16.61(5.48) | < 0.001 |