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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population

From: Construction and validation of a risk prediction model for postoperative frailty in older adults:a multicenter study

Characteristics

Non-frailty (n =1403)

Frailty (n =199)

P value

Age (years), median (P25, P75)

68 (64, 73)

69 (65, 74)

0.02

Gender, n (%)

  

0.02

 Male

571(40.7)

63(31.7)

 

 Female

832(59.3)

136(68.3)

 

Marital status, n (%)

  

0.29

 With a spouse

1285(89.7)

173(86.9)

 

 Without a spouse

145(10.3)

26(13.1)

 

Education, n (%)

  

0.26

 Primary and below

757(54.0)

121(60.8)

 

 Junior high school

363(25.9)

46(23.1)

 

 High school or vocational

236(16.8)

24(12.1)

 

 College and above

47(3.3)

8(4.0)

 

Smoking, n (%)

  

0.06

 No

1087(77.5)

168(84.4)

 

 Quit

99(7.1)

12(6)

 

 Yes

217(15.5)

19(9.6)

 

Drinking, n (%)

  

0.09

 No

1174(83.7)

177(88.9)

 

 Quit

75(5.3)

10(5.0)

 

 Yes

154(11.0)

12(6.0)

 

BMI (kg/m²), median (P25, P75)

23.6 (21.4, 26.0)

23.4 (21.5,26.3)

0.99

ACCI, median (P25, P75)

3 (2, 4)

3 (2, 4)

0.70

SSRS, median (P25, P75)

38 (34, 42)

38 (34, 41)

0.08

NRS2002, median (P25, P75)

0 (0,1)

0 (0,1)

0.94

Income (RMB), median (P25, P75)

  

0.00

 <5000

757(54.0)

137(68.8)

 

 5000–7499

511(36.4)

56(28.1)

 

 >7500

135(9.6)

6(3)

 

Dietary habit, n (%)

  

0.03

 Predominantly vegetarian

336(23.9)

53(26.6)

 

 Meat and vegetable balance

932(66.4)

138(69.3)

 

 Predominantly meat-based

135(9.6)

8(4.1)

 

Resistance training, n (%)

  

0.03

 Yes

915(65.2)

114(57.3)

 

 No

488(34.8)

85(42.7)

 

Sedentary behavior, n (%)

  

0.00

 Yes

376(26.8)

75(37.7)

 

 No

1027(73.2)

124(62.3)

 

Caregivers, n (%)

  

0.01

 Yes

1248(89.0)

161(80.9)

 

 No

155(11.0)

38(19.1)

 

Polypharmacy, n (%)

  

0.18

 Yes

197(14.0)

21(10.6)

 

 No

1206(86.0)

178(89.4)

 

Length of hospital stay,(day)

6 [5, 9]

7 [5, 10]

0.02

History of stress, n (%)

  

0.82

 Yes

316(22.5)

41(20.6)

 

 No

1087(77.5)

158(79.4)

 
  1. BMI Body mass index, ACCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, SSRS Social Support Rating Scale, NRS2002 Nutritional Risk Screening 2002. Pearson’s chi-square and Mann-Whitney U test were conducted for all categorical and continuous variables, respectively