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Table 3 Regression analysis of the impact on meeting the care of rural older adults

From: Mechanism for meeting the care of older adults in rural China—relying on spouse, offspring or community?

Variable

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Independent variables

 Marital status

  Without spouse†

  With spouse

0.074

(0.058)

0.075

(0.058)

  

 Spouse health status

  Without spouse†

  Better

  

0.145*

(0.065)

 

  General

  

0.037

(0.073)

 

  Poorer

  

−0.017

(0.075)

 

 Relationship with spouse

  Without spouse†

  Close

   

0.081

(0.060)

  Not close

   

0.054

(0.074)

 Number of offspring

0.026

(0.023)

 

0.027

(0.023)

0.027

(0.023)

  Number of sons

 

0.023

(0.030)

  

  Number of daughters

 

0.029

(0.026)

  

 Education level of offspring

0.022*

(0.010)

0.022*

(0.010)

0.021*

(0.010)

0.022*

(0.010)

 Relationship with offspring

0.087**

(0.033)

0.086**

(0.033)

0.087**

(0.033)

0.088**

(0.033)

 Living arrangement

  Not living with offspring †

  Living with offspring

0.106*

(0.048)

0.106*

(0.048)

0.106*

(0.048)

0.104*

(0.049)

 Condition of community senior care facilities

  Not constructed or operational†

  Constructed and operational

0.163*

(0.073)

0.163*

(0.073)

0.160*

(0.073)

0.162*

(0.073)

Covariates

 Gender

  Female†

  Male

−0.027

(0.051)

−0.028

(0.052)

−0.020

(0.051)

−0.027

(0.051)

 Age

−0.022**

(0.004)

−0.021**

(0.004)

−0.021**

(0.004)

−0.022**

(0.004)

 Health status

  Poorer†

  General

0.168**

(0.062)

0.168**

(0.062)

0.154*

(0.063)

0.168**

(0.062)

  Better

0.303**

(0.060)

0.303**

(0.060)

0.268**

(0.062)

0.303**

(0.060)

 Years of education

0.007

(0.007)

0.007

(0.007)

0.007

(0.007)

0.007

(0.007)

 Income

−0.054

(0.029)

−0.054

(0.029)

−0.053

(0.029)

−0.055

(0.029)

 Village topography

  Non-plain (hilly or mountainous) †

  Plains

−0.007

(0.050)

−0.007

(0.050)

−0.015

(0.050)

−0.005

(0.050)

 Distance from the village to the county (km)

0.008**

(0.002)

0.008**

(0.002)

0.008**

(0.002)

0.008**

(0.002)

 Region

  Western†

  Central

−0.106

(0.060)

−0.106

(0.060)

−0.099

(0.060)

−0.103

(0.060)

  Eastern

0.117

(0.063)

0.117

(0.063)

0.124*

(0.063)

0.120

(0.063)

Constant

3.957**

(0.408)

3.954**

(0.409)

3.966**

(0.408)

3.958**

(0.409)

R2

0.113

0.113

0.118

0.113

  1. Reference levels in the regressions; standard error in brackets, *p < 0.05;**p < 0.01