Table 5 “Loneliness” definition by respondents’ gender, living arrangement and years of education
Participants’ characteristics | Loneliness definitions | p | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Deprivation of meaningful relationships | Living alone | Personal feeling | A personal choice | Lack of communication | No answer | ||
Gender, N(%) | |||||||
Males | 24(54.5) | 4(80.0) | 18(58.1) | 3(42.9) | 8(61.5) | 11(34.4) | 0.235 |
Female | 20(45.5) | 1(20.0) | 13(41.9) | 4(57.1) | 5(38.5) | 21(65.6) | |
Sub-total | 44(100.0) | 5(100.0) | 31(100.0) | 7(100.0) | 13(100.0) | 32(100.0) | |
Living arrangement, N(%)* | |||||||
With partner and others | 9(20.5) | 1(33.3) | 4(21.1) | 1(25.0) | 0(0.0) | 5(10.0) | 0.002 |
Only with partner | 25(56.8) | 2(66.7) | 14(73.7) | 2(50.0) | 5(50.0) | 18(36.0) | |
With others without a partner | 3(6.8) | 0(0.0) | 1(5.3) | 1(25.0) | 2(20.0) | 1(2.0) | |
Alone | 7(15.9) | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | 3(30.0) | 26(52.0) | |
Sub-total | 44(100.0) | 3(100.0) | 19(100.0) | 4(100.0) | 10(100.0) | 50(100.0) | |
Years of education, N(%) | |||||||
< 5 | 2(5.0) | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | 1(2.3) | 0.023 |
5–7 | 7(17.5) | 0(0.0) | 12(38.7) | 4(66.7) | 0(0.0) | 19(44.2) | |
8–12 | 23(57.5) | 3(100.0) | 8(25.8) | 2(33.3) | 7(77.8) | 19(44.2) | |
13 | 8(20.0) | 0(0.0) | 9(29.0) | 0(0.0) | 1(11.1) | 2(4.7) | |
>13 | 0(0.0) | 0(0.0) | 2(6.5) | 0(0.0) | 1(11.1) | 2(4.7) | |
Sub-total | 40(100.0) | 3(100.0) | 31(100.0) | 6(100.0) | 9(100.0) | 43(100.0) | |