Table 4 Indicator modifications and deletions

First Round

Secondary indicator

Modification

Personnel structure

Human resources

First Round

Tertiary indicator

Modification

Assessment of pain elements

assessing characteristics of pain occurrence

First Round

Tertiary indicators

Merging

(merging three tertiary indicators into two)

“Composition and proportion of professional titles among physicians and nurses”, “composition and proportion of age among physicians and nurses”, and “composition and proportion of education background among physicians and nurses”

“Composition of personnel” and “composition of professional titles”

First Round

Tertiary indicators

Deletion

(deletion of five tertiary indicators)

“Bed-to-nurse ratio”, “instructing patients receiving patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) therapy to press the administration button in advance before engaging in activities”, “regularly assessing patient pain according to the specified inspection time as per pain management guidelines during the use of PCA pump”, “regularly inspecting PCA pump functionality, infusion volume, number of presses, tube conditions, etc., during PCA pump use”, and “identifying common issues with the PCA pump such as alarms, tube blockages, medication depletion, etc., during PCA pump use”

Second Round

Tertiary indicators

Merging

(merging two tertiary indicators into one)

“Screening patients for pain upon admission” and “screening patients for pain when their condition changes”

“Screening for pain upon patient admission/change in condition”

Second Round

Final consensus