Table 2 Characteristics of participants by depression (n = 5636)
Variables | Total (n = 5636) | Depression(Col%) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
No (n = 5200) | Yes (n = 436) | |||
Age, year, Mean ± SD | 69.9 ± 6.8 | 70.0 ± 6.8 | 67.9 ± 6.5 | < 0.001 |
BMI, kg/m2, Mean ± SD | 29.2 ± 6.3 | 29.1 ± 6.2 | 30.9 ± 7.0 | < 0.001 |
Gender(n, %) | < 0.001 | |||
Male | 2754 (48.9) | 2587 (49.8) | 167 (38.3) | |
Female | 2882 (51.1) | 2613 (50.2) | 269 (61.7) | |
Race(n, %) | < 0.001 | |||
Mexican American | 560 (9.9) | 485 (9.3) | 75 (17.2) | |
Other Hispanic | 514 (9.1) | 450 (8.7) | 64 (14.7) | |
Non-Hispanic white | 3014 (53.5) | 2823 (54.3) | 191 (43.8) | |
Non-Hispanic black | 1178 (20.9) | 1094 (21) | 84 (19.3) | |
Other race | 370 (6.6) | 348 (6.7) | 22 (5) | |
Education level (n, %) | < 0.001 | |||
< 9th grade | 764 (13.6) | 661 (12.7) | 103 (23.6) | |
9-11th grade | 829 (14.7) | 736 (14.2) | 93 (21.3) | |
High school graduate | 1337 (23.7) | 1245 (23.9) | 92 (21.1) | |
Some college or AA degree | 1485 (26.3) | 1380 (26.5) | 105 (24.1) | |
College graduate or above | 1221 (21.7) | 1178 (22.7) | 43 (9.9) | |
Marital status (n, %) | < 0.001 | |||
Married | 3215 (57.0) | 3038 (58.4) | 177 (40.6) | |
Widowed | 1149 (20.4) | 1044 (20.1) | 105 (24.1) | |
Divorced | 757 (13.4) | 661 (12.7) | 96 (22) | |
Separated | 133 (2.4) | 108 (2.1) | 25 (5.7) | |
Never married | 262 (4.6) | 235 (4.5) | 27 (6.2) | |
Living with partner | 120 (2.1) | 114 (2.2) | 6 (1.4) | |
PIR(n, %) | < 0.001 | |||
<1 | 893 (15.8) | 750 (14.4) | 143 (32.8) | |
≥ 1 | 4743 (84.2) | 4450 (85.6) | 293 (67.2) | |
Smoke status(n, %) | 0.001 | |||
Yes | 2889 (51.3) | 2633 (50.6) | 256 (58.7) | |
No | 2747 (48.7) | 2567 (49.4) | 180 (41.3) | |
Consume alcohol(n, %) | 0.765 | |||
Yes | 3695 (65.6) | 3412 (65.6) | 283 (64.9) | |
No | 1941 (34.4) | 1788 (34.4) | 153 (35.1) | |
Diabetes (n, %) | < 0.001 | |||
Yes | 1313 (23.3) | 1147 (22.1) | 166 (38.1) | |
No | 4108 (72.9) | 3857 (74.2) | 251 (57.6) | |
Borderline | 215 (3.8) | 196 (3.8) | 19 (4.4) | |
Failing kidneys (n, %) | < 0.001 | |||
Yes | 290 (5.1) | 240 (4.6) | 50 (11.5) | |
No | 5346 (94.9) | 4960 (95.4) | 386 (88.5) | |
Hypertension (n, %) | < 0.001 | |||
Yes | 3570 (63.3) | 3259 (62.7) | 311 (71.3) | |
No | 2066 (36.7) | 1941 (37.3) | 125 (28.7) | |
High cholesterol (n, %) | < 0.001 | |||
Yes | 3179 (56.4) | 2893 (55.6) | 286 (65.6) | |
No | 2457 (43.6) | 2307 (44.4) | 150 (34.4) | |
Sleep duration (hours) | < 0.001 | |||
<7 | 2001 (35.5) | 1766 (34) | 235 (53.9) | |
7–9 | 3425 (60.8) | 3242 (62.3) | 183 (42) | |
>9 | 210 (3.7) | 192 (3.7) | 18 (4.1) | |
Trouble sleeping(n, %) | < 0.001 | |||
Yes | 1647 (29.2) | 1394 (26.8) | 253 (58) | |
No | 3989 (70.8) | 3806 (73.2) | 183 (42) | |
Sleep disorder(n, %) | < 0.001 | |||
Yes | 600 (10.6) | 492 (9.5) | 108 (24.8) | |
No | 5036 (89.4) | 4708 (90.5) | 328 (75.2) | |
Sleep Patterns(n, %) | < 0.001 | |||
Poor | 1155 (20.5) | 945 (18.2) | 210 (48.2) | |
Intermediate | 1904 (33.8) | 1760 (33.8) | 144 (33) | |
Healthy | 2577 (45.7) | 2495 (48) | 82 (18.8) | |