Table 3 Characteristics of the population and SIgA-S1 levels according to the duration of the symptoms
Variable | > 10 days with symptoms (N = 56) | ≤ 10 days with symptoms (N = 249) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
Aged, years | 88 [85.0–92.0] | 87.1 [83.0–93.0] | 0.472 |
Aged by groups, years | |||
70–75 | 2 (3.6) | 13 (7.1) | 0.762 |
76–80 | 6 (10.7) | 20 (10.9) | |
81–85 | 8 (14.3) | 34 (18.6) | |
86–90 | 18 (32.1) | 52 (28.4) | |
> 90 | 22 (39.3) | 64 (35.0) | |
Sex | |||
Male | 22 (39.3) | 40 (21.9) | 0.009 |
Female | 34 (60.7) | 143 (78.1) | |
Comprehensive geriatric assessment | |||
Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) | 7 [5–8] | 7 [5–7] | 0.949 |
Barthel Index | 44.9 [10.0–75.0] | 43.8 [15.0–75.0] | 0.986 |
Dementia | 15 (29.4) | 49 (30.4) | 0.89 |
GDS grade | 4 [2–5] | 4 [3–6] | 0.105 |
Comorbidities per patient | 2.4 [1.0–3.0] | 1.9 [1.0–3.0] | 0.023 |
Most frequent comorbidities | |||
Hypertension | 34 (61.8) | 118 (65.2) | 0.647 |
Cirrhosis | 2 (3.6) | 2 (1.1) | 0.232 |
Diabetes | 16 (29.1) | 39 (21.5) | 0.246 |
Chronic Renal Disease | 7 (12.7) | 21 (11.6) | 0.821 |
Obesity | 8 (14.5) | 13 (7.2) | 0.107 |
Chronic Neurological Disease | 15 (27.3) | 50 (27.6) | 0.959 |
Heart failure | 8 (14.5) | 22 (12.2) | 0.641 |
Chronic Inflammatory Disease | 5 (9.1) | 9 (5.0) | 0.325 |
Ischemic heart disease | 7 (12.7) | 19 (10.5) | 0.644 |
Solid neoplasm | 11 (20.0) | 18 (10.0) | 0.048 |
Asthma | 3 (5.5) | 2 (1.1) | 0.084 |
Hematological neoplasm | 1 (1.8) | 4 (2.2) | 1.00 |
COPD | 6 (10.9) | 14 (7.7) | 0.422 |
Sleep apnea syndrome | 2 (3.6) | 4 (2.2) | 0.626 |
Malnutrition | 5 (9.1) | 15 (8.3) | 0.788 |
Symptoms † | |||
Fever | 33 (63.5) | 42 (35.6) | < 0.001 |
Arthromyalgia | 4 (7.7) | 7 (5.9) | 0.738 |
Headache | 16 (30.8) | 24 (20.3) | 0.14 |
Symptoms of upper respiratory tract | 29 (55.8) | 40 (33.9) | 0.007 |
Dyspnea | 16 (30.8) | 23 (19.5) | 0.107 |
Epileptic seizures | 2 (3.8) | 4 (3.4) | 1.00 |
Chest pain | 3 (5.8) | 6 (5.1) | 1.00 |
Abdominal pain | 1 (1.9) | 8 (6.8) | 0.278 |
Cough | 34 (65.4) | 41 (34.7) | < 0.001 |
Vomiting | 11 (21.2) | 28 (23.7) | 0.713 |
Diarrhea | 7 (13.5) | 28 (23.7) | 0.127 |
Alteration of the level of consciousness | 3 (5.4) | 13 (7.3) | 0.768 |
Vital Signs † | |||
Temperature (Celsius) | 37.2 [36.4–37.9] | 36.6 [36.0-37.2] | < 0.001 |
Systolic blodd pressure (mmHg) | 124.6 [110.0-135.0] | 119.9 [109.0-130.0] | 0.224 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 76 [64.0–81.0] | 75.4 [68.0–82.0] | 0.492 |
Basal saturation (%) | 87.8 [84.0–92.0] | 92.3 [90.0–96.0] | < 0.001 |
Positive PCR SARS-CoV-2 | 13 (23.2) | 33 (13.2) | 0.078 |
Cycles threshold | 37.2 [35.2–39.2] | 37.1 [36.5–37.7] | 0.843 |
SIgA-S1 value (U/ml) | 270.5 [136.2-404.7] | 208.1 [117.4-298.7] | 0.043 |
Non-induced SIgA-S1 (< 57.6 U/mL) | 4 (7.1) | 13 (7.1) | 0.566 |
Induced SIgA-S1 (IgA ≥ 57.6 U/mL) | 52 (92.9) | 170 (92.9) | |
Low value (≥ 57.6–111.53 U/mL) | 24 (14.1) | 9 (17.3) | 0.101 |
Medium value (≥ 111.54- 213.21 U/mL) | 58 (34.1) | 10 (19.2) | |
High value (≥ 213.22-329.17 U/mL) | 47 (27.6) | 13 (25.0) | |
Very high value (≥ 329.18 U/mL) | 41 (24.1) | 20 (38.5) | |
Severe Case* | 37 (66.1) | 44 (17.6) | < 0.001 |
Mortality at 30 days | 2 (3.6) | 1 (0.5) | 0.138 |
Reinfection at 90 days | 4 (18.2) | 2 (3.1) | 0.035 |