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Table 1 GRADE assessment of evidence quality

From: The effectiveness of unsupervised home-based exercise for improving lower extremity physical function in older adults in Western and Eastern cultures: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Outcome

No. of Studies

Study Design

Relative Effect

Confidence Interval

Risk of Bias

Inconsistency

Indirectness

Imprecision

Quality of Evidence

5 x time sit-to-stand

5

RCTs

-0.18

[-0.36, 0.00]

Moderate

Not serious (I²=0%)

Not serious

Very serious

⊕⊕◯◯

Low

Knee extension strength

2

RCTs

0.21

[-0.60, 1.03]

Moderate

Very serious (I²=71%)

Not serious

Very serious

⊕◯◯◯

Very low

10 m walking speed

4

RCTs

0.18

[-0.10, 0.46]

Moderate

Not serious (I²=30%)

Not serious

Serious

⊕⊕⊕◯ Moderate

TUG

2

RCTs

-0.08

[-0.32, 0.17]

Moderate

Not serious (I²=0%)

Not serious

Serious

⊕⊕⊕◯

Moderate

SPPB

3

RCTs

1.14

[-1.09, 3.37]

Moderate

Very serious (I²=98%)

Not serious

Very serious

⊕◯◯◯

Very low

  1. RCT = Randomised controlled trial; TUG = Timed up and go test; SPPB = Short Physical Performance Battery