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Table 2 Univariate linear regression and multivariate mixed-effects analysis on the associations of individual and organization-level factors on clients’ received care time in home care and in assisted living

From: Determinants of received care time among Finnish home care clients and assisted living facility residents: a time-motion study

 

Home care

Assisted living facility with 24-hour assistance

 

Univariate models

Multivariate mixed-effect model

Univariate analysis

Multivariate mixed-effect model

Variable

Estimate (95% CI)

Estimate (95% CI)

Estimate (95% CI)

Estimate (95% CI)

ADL-H (0–6)

11.24 (9.85–12.62) ***

8.43 (6.80-10.06) ***

9.60 (8.16–11.03) ***

8.95 (7.21–10.69) ***

IADL (0–6)

6.10 (5.20–7.01) ***

2.30 (1.23–3.38) ***

  

CHESS (0–5)

6.07 (4.41–7.73) ***

1.83 (0.18–3.49) *

0.58 (-1.53-2.70)

-0.88 (-3.01-1.25)

CPS (0–6)

5.41 (3.96–6.87) ***

0.15 (-1.43-1.73)

4.58 (2.97–6.19) ***

-0.04 (-1.91-1.83)

PAIN (0–3)

7.02 (5.22–8.82) ***

2.84 (1.05–4.62) **

5.52 (-1.71-4.31) ***

^

Depressive mood

13.18 (7.66–18.69) ***

4.50 (-0.47-9.74)

4.75 (-1.02-10.51)

7.81 (1.85–13.77) **

Behavioural symptoms

7.53 (2.45–12.61) **

0.29 (-4.62-5.20)

-0.98 (-6.18-4.23)

-4.51 (-9.85-0.83)

Team independence (1–5)

3.78 (-0.36-7.92)

5.03 (-0.06-10.12)

1.71 (-6.50-9.91)

0.43 (-10.61-11.47)

Private organisation

  

-28.1 (-33.28 - -22.97) ***

-13.05 (-22.13- -3.97) ***

Staffing level

  

0.56 (0.18–0.94) **

0.48 (0.04–0.91) *

Received informal care (yes)

13.43 (9.25–17.61) ***

10.54 (6.56–14.53) ***

10.85 (4.93–16.76) ***

6.77 (0.76–12.78) *

Age

0.35 (0.18–0.53) ***

0.19 (0.03–0.36) *

-0.55 (-0.84- -0.26) ***

-0.32 (-0.61- -0.03) *

Sex (female)

6.1 (2.30–9.90) **

5.02 (1.50–8.55) **

-5.29 (-10.82-0.24)

-4.13 (-9.52-1.25)

  

Marginal R2 = 0.21 / Conditional R2 = 0.31

 

Marginal R2 = 0.13 / Conditional R2 = 0.27

  1. * = p < 0.05; ** = p < 0.01; *** = p < 0.001
  2. ^ = PAIN was omitted from the assisted living facility multivariate model (when included, p = 0.952), as it significantly reduced the performance of the model due to multiple missing values (n = 54)
  3. Intraclass correlations (ICC): Home care null model: 0.04, multivariate model: 0.12. Assisted living null model = 0.23, multivariate model: 0.16
  4. Note1: Models adjusted for age and sex. Dependent variables as fixed effects and municipality as random effect
  5. Note2: IADL not available in assisted living. Staffing level and private organization not available in home care
  6. Indicators: ADL-H = Activities of Daily Living, IADL = Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, CHESS = Changes in Health, End-stage disease, and Symptoms and Signs, CPS = Cognitive Performance Scale, PAIN = Pain scale. Lower value indicates better functioning
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BMC Geriatrics

ISSN: 1471-2318

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