Table 2 Correlations (r) between social capital, health-promoting lifestyles, and frailty (N = 674)

1. Social capital

74.56 ± 13.55

1

2. Structural social capital

32.55 ± 7.18

0.844***

1

3. Cognitive social capital

42.01 ± 8.41

0.889***

0.506***

1

4. Health-promoting lifestyles

64.10 ± 12.92

0.548***

0.434***

0.513***

1

5. Frailty

3.34 ± 2.35

−0.333***

−0.196***

−0.370***

− 0.313***

1

6. Physical frailty

1.62 ± 1.04

− 0.234***

−0.135***

− 0.262***

− 0.242***

0.864***

1

7. Psychological frailty

1.14 ± 1.03

−0.285***

− 0.170***

− 0.314***

− 0.283***

0.700***

0.319***

1

8. Social frailty

1.16 ± 0.55

−0.197***

−0.118**

− 0.216***

−0.090*

0.401***

0.135***

0.165***

1